浅谈MySQL 有哪些死锁场景 - 主机乐

use martin;
drop table if exists dl;
CREATE TABLE `dl` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`a` int(11) NOT NULL,
`b` int(11) NOT NULL,
`c` int(11) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `idx_c` (`a`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
CREATE TABLE `dl_insert` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`a` int(11) NOT NULL,
`b` int(11) NOT NULL,
`c` int(11) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
unique key `uniq_a` (`a`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
insert into dl(a,b,c) values (1,1,1),(2,2,2);
drop table if exists dl_1;
create table dl_1like dl;
insert into dl_1 select * from dl;

2 同一张表下的死锁

session1	session2
begin;	begin;
select * from dl where a=1 for update;…1 row in set (0.00 sec)	select * from dl where a=2 for update;…1 row in set (0.00 sec)
select * from dl where a=2 for update;（等待）
（session2 提示死锁回滚后，SQL1 成功返回结构）	select * from dl where a=1 for update;ERROR 1213 (40001): Deadlock found when trying to get lock; try restarting transaction
commit;	commit;

session1 在等待 session2 释放 a=2 的行锁，而 session2 在等待 session1 释放 a=1 的行锁。两个 session 互相等待对方释放资源，就进入了死锁状态。

3 不同表下的死锁

session1	session2
begin;	begin;
select * from dl where a=1 for update; … 1 row in set (0.00 sec)	select * from dl_1 where a=1 for update; … 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
select * from dl_1 where a=1 for update; 等待
（session2 提示死锁回滚后，SQL1 成功返回结构）	select * from dl where a=1 for update; ERROR 1213 (40001): Deadlock found when trying to get lock; try restarting transaction
commit;	commit;

这个实验也是两个 session 互相等待对方释放资源，就进入了死锁状态。

4 间隙锁下的死锁

session1	session2
set session transaction_isolation='REPEATABLE-READ';	set session transaction_isolation='REPEATABLE-READ';
begin;	begin;
select * from dl where a=1 for update; … 1 row in set (0.00 sec)	select * from dl where a=2 for update; … 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
insert into dl(a,b,c) values (2,3,3); 等待
（session2 提示死锁回滚后，SQL1 成功返回结果）	insert into dl(a,b,c) values (1,4,4); ERROR 1213 (40001): Deadlock found when trying to get lock; try restarting transaction
commit;	commit;

由于 RR 隔离级别下存在间隙锁，可以知道 SQL1 需要等待 a=2 获得的间隙锁，而 SQL2 需要等待 a=1 获得的间隙锁，两个 session 互相等待对方释放资源，就进入了死锁状态。

5 INSERT 语句的死锁

session1	session2	session3
begin;
insert into dl_insert(a,b,c) value (3,3,3);
	insert into dl_insert(a,b,c) value (3,3,3);	insert into dl_insert(a,b,c) value (3,3,3);
rollback;	执行成功	ERROR 1213 (40001): Deadlock found when trying to get lock; try restarting transaction